How can MCP dislocation be reduced?
The suggested reduction technique for a simple MCP joint dislocation is flexion at the wrist and proximal interphalangeal joint to relax flexor tendons while pressure is applied to the proximal phalanx at the base.
Is there a volar plate at the MCP joint?
In the human hand, palmar or volar plates (also referred to as palmar or volar ligaments) are found in the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and interphalangeal (IP) joints, where they reinforce the joint capsules, enhance joint stability, and limit hyperextension.
What is MCP dislocation?
MCP Dislocations are a dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint, usually dorsal, caused by a fall and hyperextension of the MCP joint.
What does volar dislocation mean?
Volar dislocation or subluxation is also caused by weakening of the collateral ligaments and by weakening of the dorsal extensor mechanism when the extensor tendons are dislocated between the metacarpal heads.
How do you treat a metacarpophalangeal joint injury?
Finger MCP joint hyperextension injuries may be treated by gently flexing the proximal phalanx and immobilizing the MCP joint in 30° of flexion for 2-3 weeks. A dorsal extension-block splint protects the healing volar plate while allowing active flexion of the finger.
What is the purpose of the volar plate?
The volar plate helps maintain stability of the PIPJ in the anteroposterior plane and prevents PIPJ hyperextension. The volar plate is a multilayered condensation of fibrocartilagenous tissue lying between the flexor tendons and the palmar PIPJ capsule.
What is the functional significance of the volar plate?
The volar plate prevents the finger from bending backwards and helps stabilize the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint, the middle joint of the finger.
What is the volar plate?
The volar plate is a thick ligament that connects two bones in the finger. There are other ligaments to each side of the joint as well (collateral ligaments). When the finger is bent back too far, one or more of the collateral ligaments can also be torn.
How do you treat volar PIP dislocation?
Volar PIP dislocations are the least common, but the reduction of the volar PIP joint dislocation is generally successful. The reduction takes place by applying mild traction with the PIP and MCP joints held in slight flexion. After the reduction of the volar dislocation, apply extension splint for six weeks.
What does volar stand for?
relating to the palm of the hand
Definition of volar : relating to the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot specifically : located on the same side as the palm of the hand.
Where is the volar plate located?
The volar plate is a thick ligament that connects two bones in the finger. There are other ligaments to each side of the joint as well (collateral ligaments).
What do you do for a volar plate injury?
“Buddy taping” is the most common treatment for volar plate avulsion fractures. When the injured finger is taped to another “good” finger, the healthy finger acts like a splint. This ensures that the injured finger is not moved side-to-side or hyperextended. It also helps safely move the joint to prevent stiffness.
How do you relocate a PIP joint?
Relocation of a dorsal PIP dislocation should be done at the time of the injury (1).
- Grasp dislocated finger with both hands (3)
- Initially extend the digit while one hand applies longitudinal traction and the other provides a relocating volar pressure (9)
- Then flex at the PIP joint.
What happens if a dislocated finger goes untreated?
Although a common injury, finger dislocations that are not treated properly can result in chronic pain, stiffness, poor function, and deformity. A dislocated finger is usually painful, swollen, red, visibly crooked, may be numb or tingling, and may be difficult to move.
What is volar aspect of wrist?
The volar aspect of the wrist includes the radius and ulna. The carpal bones are the scaphoid, leonate, triquetrum, pisiform, trapezium,trapezoid,capitate,hamate. An important structure in the volar aspect of the wrist is the Carpal tunnel.
What is volar side of hand?
Definition of volar : relating to the palm of the hand or the sole of the foot specifically : located on the same side as the palm of the hand.
What causes volar dislocation of thumb MCP?
Volar dislocations are much less common than dorsal dislocations, with the injury caused by hyperflexion of the thumb MCP joint or a force to the proximal phalanx in flexion [1]. Singhal first reported a case of a volar MCP dislocation in 1974, and since then less than 30 cases have been reported in the English literature [2,3].
What is a MCP dislocation of the MCP joint?
MCP Dislocations are a dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint, usually dorsal, caused by a fall and hyperextension of the MCP joint. Diagnosis can be made clinically and is confirmed by orthogonal radiographs. Treatment is closed reduction unless soft tissue interposition blocks reduction, in which case open reduction is indicated.
What causes metacarpophalangeal dislocation?
Dislocations of the thumb metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint are generally infrequent injuries. Volar dislocations are much less common than dorsal dislocations, with the injury caused by hyperflexion of the thumb MCP joint or a force to the proximal phalanx in flexion [1].
Can volar thumb dislocation of the metacarpophalangeal joint be closed?
Volar dislocations of the thumb metacarpophalangeal joint are uncommon and can be associated with rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL). We report a case where a volar thumb dislocation was successfully closed reduced, but instability required open repair of the UCL. Early motion protocol helped achieve favorable results.