What are germ cell Tumours?
Germ cell tumors are growths of cells that form from reproductive cells. The tumors may be cancerous or not cancerous. Most germ cell tumors occur in the testicles or the ovaries. Some germ cell tumors occur in other areas of the body, such as the abdomen, brain and chest, though it’s not clear why.
What is the difference between seminoma and Nonseminomatous germ cell tumors?
Seminomas are very sensitive to radiation therapy. Nonseminoma: This more common type of testicular cancer tends to grow more quickly than seminomas. Nonseminoma tumors are often made up of more than one type of cell, and are identified according to these different cell types: Choriocarcinoma (rare)
What are the differences between seminoma and Spermatocytic tumor?
Clinically, the main difference between spermatocytic and classical seminoma is the age of occurrence. Spermatocytic seminoma tends to occur more commonly, in men aged over 50, while in classical seminoma, the age at diagnosis is between 25 and 40 years.
What are the two types of germ cell tumors?
Germ cell tumors primary occur in young people between the ages of 11 and 30. These tumors can be either benign or malignant. There are two main types of germ cell tumors of the brain – germinomas and non-germinomatous tumors; if they include aspects of both, they are called mixed germ cell tumors.
What is the most common type of testicular tumor?
The most common type of testicular cancer is germ cell testicular cancer, which accounts for around 95% of all cases. Germ cells are a type of cell that the body uses to create sperm.
Is Spermatocytic tumor malignant?
Spermatocytic tumor is a rare, malignant neoplasm of the testes. Since the prognosis for this tumor type is favorable, accurate diagnosis and differentiation from other malignant testicular neoplasms (classic seminoma and lymphoma) are crucial.
What do germ cell tumors feel like?
Early on, a child with a benign or malignant germ cell tumor might have few symptoms or none at all. As the tumor grows, a mass (lump) may be felt. It also might cause symptoms as it presses against organs in the body.
What is the most common germ cell tumor?
The most common types of germ cell tumors include: Teratomas. These tumors are benign, but can become malignant. Teratomas are the most common type of germ cell tumor to develop in extragonadal (not in the ovary or testes) areas.
Can germ cell tumor be cured?
Germ cell tumours generally respond very well to chemotherapy. Most people are cured. Even cancers that have spread are still very treatable with chemotherapy.
Is non-seminoma curable?
Stage I non-seminomas Nearly all of these cancers can be cured, but the treatment is different from that of seminomas. As with seminomas, the initial treatment is surgery to remove the testicle and tumor (called radical inguinal orchiectomy). The other treatment choices will depend on the stage.
What are the two types of testicular tumors?
The most common type of testis cancer is a germ cell tumor. There are two main types of GCT: seminoma and nonseminomatous germ cell tumors (NSGCT). Both seminoma and NSGCT occur at about the same rate, and men can have seminoma, NSGCT or a combination of both.
What is the most common malignant germ cell tumor?
Dysgerminoma, the most common malignant germ cell tumor, usually manifests as a solid mass. Immature teratomas manifest as a solid mass with scattered foci of fat and calcifications.
Is dysgerminoma benign or malignant?
Dysgerminoma: This is the most common type of malignant ovarian germ cell tumor. Mature teratoma (dermoid cyst or ovarian cyst): This is the most common type of benign ovarian germ cell tumor. These noncancerous tumors usually grow in teenage girls and young women.
What is the prognosis of refractory/relapsed GCTs?
Germ cell tumors (GCTs) are the most common solid tumors affecting men between ages of 20 and 34 years. Most of the cases, even in advanced disease, will have good prognosis. However, around 20–30% of advanced disease will be refractory or develop relapse after treatment. Herein, we review the current management of refractory/relapsed GCTs.
What is a germ cell tumor?
Germ cell tumors are growths of cells that form from reproductive cells. The tumors may be cancerous or not cancerous. Most germ cell tumors occur in the testicles or the ovaries. Some germ cell tumors occur in other areas of the body, such as the abdomen, brain and chest, though it’s not clear why.
What are the salvage treatment paradigms for germ cell tumors?
When relapse occurs in patients with germ cell tumors, two salvage treatment paradigms exist: standard-dose chemotherapy, or high-dose chemotherapy with autologous stem cell rescue. Most patients with germ cell tumors will be cured with local therapy and/or standard chemotherapy.
What are the treatment options for germ cell tumors (CCT)?
Most patients with germ cell tumors will be cured with local therapy and/or standard chemotherapy. When relapse occurs, two salvage treatment paradigms exist: standard-dose chemotherapy (SDC), or high-dose chemotherapy (HDC) with autologous stem cell rescue (ASCR).