What is press cake palm oil?
Palm kernel press cake (PKC) is a residue from palm oil extraction, composed mainly of polysaccharides from cell-wall material, of which the carbohydrate mannan is the most predominant. Due to increased demand for plant oils globally there has been a tremendous increase in palm oil production in recent years.
What is the nutritional value of PKC?
PKC provides approximately 14–18% of crude protein (CP), 12–20% crude fiber (CF), 3–9% ether extract (EE), and different amounts of various minerals that feasible to be used as a partial substitute of soybean meal (SBM) and corn in poultry nutrition.
What is the major difference between palm kernel cake and palm kernel meal?
When the palm fruits are processed. It is produced palm oil, palm kernel cake and meal according to the method of extraction. Palm kernel cake resulted from the mechanical expeller procedure contains 5-12% oil while, palm kernel meal obtained from solvent extraction technique contains 0.5-3% oil32.
What is the meaning of palm kernel cake?
Palm kernel cake is a high-fibre, medium-grade protein feed best suited to ruminants. Among other similar fodders, palm kernel cake is ranked a little higher than copra cake and cocoa pod husk, but lower than fish meal and groundnut cake, especially in its protein value.
Is PKC good for broilers?
The present results showed that PKC can be included in broiler chick diet at 10% without adverse affect on growth performance parameters while 20% of PKC can be used with enzyme supplementation and the results strongly recommended PKC usage for improvement of bird’s health and immune response.
Is PKC good for layers?
The results indicated that inclusion of PKC can reduce the cost of feed. It was also revealed that PKC, if included up to 15% of the diet of laying hens could reduce egg production. Key words: Palm kernel cake, laying hens’, production performance, hematology.
Is PKC good for broiler?
Results revealed that PKC is a potential feed ingredient in broiler feeding and it can be incorporated into broiler rations up to 15% without any adverse effects.
What is PKC made of?
More than 75% of PKC are made from cell-wall components, which made up of 35.2% mannose, 2.6% xylose, 1.1% arabinose, 1.9% galactose, 15.1% lignin, and 5.0% ash [23].
How is palm kernel cake produce?
Dried kernels are fed into a crusher of about 15 tonnes of kernel per day to crush the kernels and then into the expeller with capacity of 17 tonnes of crushed kernel per day to expel the oil and also generate palm kernel cake.
Is palm kernel cake good for poultry feed?
The crude fiber content of palm kernel cake is acceptable to most ruminants but is considered high for poultry. Biodegradation of palm kernel cake through solid-state fermentation can improve its nutritional quality, improving broiler health status and growth performance.
What’s the difference between palm oil and palm kernel oil?
Palm oil comes from the palm fruit, while palm kernel oil is extracted from the palm seed. And while over 80 percent of the fat in palm kernel oil is saturated, only 50 percent of palm oil is, making it easier on arteries.
What does PKC do to broilers?
How do you make a PKC?
Palm kernel cake and palm kernel meal are produced depend on the processing method of palm kernel oil production (19). PKC is produced by 45% -46% of palm kernel and is obtained from the palm kernel seed through mechanical processing included cleaning, grinding, flaking, stem conditioning and screw pressing (29) .
What is the percentage of protein in PKC?
approximately 14–18%
PKC provides approximately 14–18% of crude protein (CP), 12–20% crude fiber (CF), 3–9% ether extract (EE), and different amounts of various minerals that feasible to be used as a partial substitute of soybean meal (SBM) and corn in poultry nutrition.
Is palm kernel cake good for broilers?
Is PKC good for chickens?
Poultry’s digestibility is reported to be compromised due to the indigestion of the high fiber content, making PKC potentially low for poultry feeding.
How is palm kernel cake made?
Palm kernels produced during the milling process of palm fruits contain approximately 50% oil that can be extracted commercially via two methods, i.e. mechanical expression and solvent extraction. Palm kernel cake is the by-product of the oil extraction process. The main use of this product is as an ingredient for compounding animal feed.
How is palm kernel oil extracted commercially?
Palm kernels produced during the milling process of palm fruits contain approximately 50% oil that can be extracted commercially via two methods, i.e. mechanical expression and solvent extraction. Palm kernel cake is the by-product of the oil extraction process.
Is palm kernel cake a good source of phytin?
It has high fibre content and thus is usually used in foods for ruminants such as cattle. However palm kernel cake is also a good source of phytin, which is a precursor of phytic acid and inositol. The latter compounds have many industrial applications.