How is PSTT diagnosed?
A definitive diagnosis requires histology examination in conjunction with IHC studies. PSTT are composed of intermediate trophoblasts, lack of cytotrophoblasts and chorionic villi; the tumor cells are weakly and partially positive for hCG, but strongly positive for hPL. The standard treatment is surgery.
What is the meaning of PSTT?
Placental site trophoblastic tumour (PSTT) is a very rare and unique form of gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD). This tumour represents a neoplastic transformation of intermediate trophoblastic cells that normally play a critical role in implantation.
What is a trophoblastic tumor?
A placental-site trophoblastic tumor (PSTT) is a rare type of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia that forms where the placenta attaches to the uterus. The tumor forms from trophoblast cells and spreads into the muscle of the uterus and into blood vessels. It may also spread to the lungs, pelvis, or lymph nodes.
What is placental site nodule?
Placental site nodule (PSN) is a rare benign lesion of the intermediate trophoblast which is thought to represent incomplete involution of the placental implantation site. PSN usually presents as menorrhagia, intermenstrual bleeding or an abnormal Pap smear.
How common is PSTT?
PSTT is a very rare malignant tumor that belongs to a family of pregnancy-related diseases. Less than 300 cases of PSTT have been reported in literature,[3,4] with an incidence of ≈ 1/50,000–100,000 pregnancies representing only the 0.23% to 3.00% of all GTDs.
What causes PSTT?
In PSTT the tumour develops from the cells that grow to form the placenta. The cells are called trophoblast cells. Placental site trophoblastic tumours (PSTTs) happen after pregnancy. They can happen after any type of pregnancy, including molar pregnancy, miscarriage, abortion, or a full term normal pregnancy.
What is PSTT in pregnancy?
What causes a tumor on the placenta?
The cause of chorioangioma is unknown. The abnormal masses form in the chorionic tissue, the tissue on the fetal side of the placenta. Chorioangiomas occur in an estimated 1% of pregnancies. The tumors are seen more often in pregnancies where the fetus is female and in those involving multiples (twins, triplets, etc.).
What causes trophoblastic disease?
The most common types of gestational trophoblastic disease occur when a sperm cell fertilizes an empty egg cell or when two sperm cells fertilize a normal egg cell. Your risk is higher based on your: Age: Gestational trophoblastic disease occurs in women of childbearing age.
How common is placental site nodule?
Placental site nodule is an uncommon, benign, generally asymptomatic lesion of trophoblastic origin, which may often be detected several months to years after the tenancy from which it resulted. PSN usually presents as menorrhagia, intermenstrual bleeding or an abnormal pap smear.
What causes placental site nodule?
Placental site nodule (PSN) represents remnants of placental site tissue that has failed to involute and may remain in the uterus for several years after the pregnancy from which it resulted.
Can a fetus become a tumor?
Choriocarcinoma is a very rare type of cancer that occurs in around 1 in 50,000 pregnancies. It can develop if the cells left behind after a pregnancy become cancerous. This can happen after any pregnancy, but it’s more likely after molar pregnancies.
What does trophoblastic mean?
(TROH-foh-BLAST) A thin layer of cells that helps a developing embryo attach to the wall of the uterus, protects the embryo, and forms a part of the placenta.
What is trophoblast in pregnancy?
Trophoblasts (from Greek to feed: threphein) are cells forming the outer layer of a blastocyst, which provides nutrients to the embryo, and develops into a large part of the placenta. They are formed during the first stage of pregnancy and are the first cells to differentiate from the fertilized egg.
What is a placental lesion?
Placental lesions were classified as arising from placental vascular (maternal or fetal side), immunoinflammatory or other placental processes17. Maternal and fetal stromal–vascular findings were classified as developmental, malperfusion or loss-of-integrity lesions.