What were the results of Raine et al study?
23 of the murderers had a history of head injury, but they showed no significant difference between non-head injured murderers except in the functioning of their corpus callosum, and the authors accepted that this may have contributed towards a reduction in the murderers’ brain activity.
What did Raine find?
Raine’s findings Murderers were found to show significantly higher occipital lobe glucose metabolism than controls. Murderers showed an abnormal asymmetry of activity with reduced left and increased right activity in the amygdala and hippocampus, compared to controls.
What were the three areas of the brain that Raine found differences in glucose metabolism in between murderers and controls?
Positron emission tomography (PET) brain imaging was conducted on 41 murderers pleading NGRI and 41 control subjects. Murderers were characterised by reduced glucose metabolism in the prefrontal cortex, superior parietal gyrus, left angular gyrus, and the corpus callosum.
How is Raine socially sensitive?
One further issue with Raine’s research in terms of social sensitivity is the possibility of predicting future criminality on the basis of brain scanning. Although this could be an important in protecting people from potential violent offenders, it removes free will, opening society up to human rights abuses.
What did Adrian Raine 1997 study?
British Psychologist Adrian Raine is a criminologist who specializes in studies investigating biological correlates of criminal behaviour. In a study conducted in 1997, Raine used PET scans to compare the brains of two groups: Convicted murderers who had pleaded not guilty by reason of insanity (NGRI), Non-murderers.
Are serial killer brains different?
On SPECT, the brains of murderers show abnormal activity in a variety of brain regions, especially the prefrontal cortex involved with empathy, judgment, and forethought. Look at this scan of a healthy brain compared to a scan from Kip Kinkel. The healthy surface brain SPECT scan shows full, even, symmetrical activity.
How does the brain affect serial killers?
This showed that criminal psychopaths had decreased connectivity between the amygdala—a brain region that processes negative stimuli and those that give rise to fearful reactions—and the prefrontal cortex, which interprets responses from the amygdala.
What is meant by socially sensitive research?
Socially sensitive research includes studies in which there are potential consequences or implications, either directly for the participants in the research or for the class of individuals represented by the research.
Why is Milgram socially sensitive?
For example, Milgram’s study could be considered as socially sensitive because the results could be used to ensure that people obey orders, including those they don’t wish to follow.
How does amygdala affect criminal behaviour?
The amygdala — a part of the brain involved in fear, aggression and social interactions — is implicated in crime. Among the research that points to this link is a neuroimaging study led by Dustin Pardini, PhD, of the University of Pittsburgh.
What causes offending behaviour?
The major risk factors are therefore seen as impulsivity, disturbed interpersonal relationships, low success in school or work, a weak superego which equates with little guilt, disregard for rules, antisocial attitudes and early misconduct, a weak super ego which translates into problems in the family or relationships.
What is the importance of socially sensitive research?
The danger of attributing the cause of behaviour to individual factors is that it can lead to socially sensitive research as the implications of findings could suggest that a person’s race, age, gender or disability cause behaviours. This can cause social stigmas and discrimination.
What are the benefits of socially sensitive research?
Benefits include the fact that it can help to find treatments for those who are suffering and can offer an element of social protection.
What are ethical implications?
Ethical Implications can include, but are not limited to: Risk of distress, loss, adverse impact, injury or psychological or other harm to any individual (participant/researcher/bystander) or participant group. Benefit to the individual (eg. Financial, reputational) Privacy concerns or issues (eg.
How Psychology is a science?
Science is a general way of understanding the natural world. Its three fundamental features are systematic empiricism, empirical questions, and public knowledge. Psychology is a science because it takes the scientific approach to understanding human behavior.
What was the aim of Raine et al?
RAINE ET AL.’ To find out if there is a difference in the structure of brain activity between people who have committed murder (NGRIs) and non-murderers.