What is the meaning of Tongariro?
south wind
The name Tongariro is derived from the Māori words ‘tonga’ meaning ‘south wind’ and ‘riro’ meaning ‘carried away’. Tongariro National Park was the first national park in the world to be ‘gifted’ by a country’s indigenous people.
What type of volcano is Tongariro?
stratovolcano
The andesitic eruptions formed Tongariro, a steep stratovolcano, reaching a height of 1,978 metres (6,490 ft). Tongariro is composed of layers of both lava and tephra and the eruptions that built the current stratovolcano commenced about 275,000 years ago. Tongariro consists of at least 12 cones.
How was the Tongariro volcanic Centre formed?
The Tongariro complex of volcanic cones and craters was formed by eruptions from at least 12 vents over more than 275,000 years. Erosion during the last Ice Age has worn away what was once a substantial mountain into the world famous hiking destination that it is today.
Where is the Tongariro volcanic Centre?
New Zealand
The active volcanic mountains Ruapehu, Ngauruhoe, and Tongariro are located in the centre of the park….
| Tongariro National Park | |
|---|---|
| Nearest city | National Park, New Zealand |
| Coordinates | 39°17′27″S 175°33′44″E |
| Area | 795.96 km2 (307.32 sq mi) |
| Established | October 1887 |
Which mountain is Tongariro?
The Tongariro National Park is the home to the three mountains of Ruapehu, the largest mountain in the north island, Ngauruhoe the youngest volcano and Tongariro whose landscape has developed over the last 300,000 years. The world famous Tongariro Alpine Crossing is a 19km hike over Mt.
Why volcanoes are found in the Centre of the North Island?
A plate boundary lies just east of the North Island of New Zealand, where the Pacific Plate slides under the Indian-Australian Plate. This area of ‘subduction’ has created a line of volcanoes which stretches from the pacific island of Tonga to Ruapehu.
What makes Tongariro National Park unique?
Introduction. Tongariro is New Zealand’s oldest national park and a dual World Heritage area. This status recognises the park’s important Māori cultural and spiritual associations as well as its outstanding volcanic features.
When was Tongariro National Park created?
October 1887Tongariro National Park / Established
Why is Tongariro important to Māori?
To the Maori tribes who have inhabited this land since at least the 14th century, Tongariro is tapu, sacred. The mountain is regarded as a key part of their history, revered as both a divine ancestor and the home of human ancestors, and it is venerated in legends.
Why was Tongariro National Park made?
They partnered with the crown to enact a tuku (act of customary lore) to preserve the natural beauty of the three mountain peaks, Ngaruhoe, Tongiriro and Ruapehu. This act by the Ngati Tuwharetoa made Tongariro, the first National Park in the world to be gifted by its indigenous people.
How was Tongariro volcano formed?
The Tongariro complex of volcanic cones and craters was formed by eruptions from at least 12 vents over more than 275,000 years. Erosion during the last Ice Age has worn away what was once a substantial mountain into the world famous hiking destination that it is today.
What is the meaning of the word ‘Tongariro’?
Tongariro – fire ‘carried away’ or ‘seized by the cold south wind’ For a one page fact sheet / poster on Tongariro’s volcanoes click VolcanoFactSheetsTongariro2012.pdf (568.43 kB) Tongariro is a massive complex of volcanic cones and craters formed by eruptions from at least 12 vents over more than 275,000 years.
Why is Tongariro National Park a World Heritage Site?
In 1990 Tongariro National Park was declared a World Heritage site, in recognition of its outstanding natural characteristics. In 1993 the Park was also granted Cultural World Heritage status under revised criteria (spiritual (intangible) cultural association), in recognition of its cultural significance and history.
What is the Tongariro complex?
The complex includes Ngauruhoe volcano which is described separately here. Within the landscape of ash, lava flows and erosion features, Tongariro has mineral springs and fumaroles (steam vents) at Ketetahi Springs, the Red Crater and Te Maari craters. These are part of New Zealand’s highest geothermal system which underlies parts of the volcano.