What is common regulation of gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes?
Prokaryotic versus Eukaryotic Gene Expression
| Prokaryotic organisms | Eukaryotic organisms |
|---|---|
| Gene expression is regulated primarily at the transcriptional level | Gene expression is regulated at many levels (epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational) |
Do repressors bind to silencers?
In molecular genetics, a repressor is a DNA- or RNA-binding protein that inhibits the expression of one or more genes by binding to the operator or associated silencers.
Which is the silencer element in transcription regulation?
A silencer is a sequence-specific element that induces a negative effect on the transcription of its particular gene. There are many positions in which a silencer element can be located in DNA. The most common position is found upstream of the target gene where it can help repress the transcription of the gene.
What are the 5 levels of eukaryotic gene regulation?
Control of gene expression in eukaryotic cells occurs at epigenetic, transcriptional, post-transcriptional, translational, and post-translational levels. Post-translational control refers to the: regulation of gene expression after transcription.
How is gene expression regulated in prokaryotic cells?
The regulation of gene expression in prokaryotic cells occurs at the transcriptional level. There are two majors kinds of proteins that control prokaryotic transcription: repressors and activators. Repressors bind to an operator region to block the action of RNA polymerase.
What does a corepressor do?
A corepressor downregulates (or represses) the expression of genes by binding to and activating a repressor transcription factor. The repressor in turn binds to a gene’s operator sequence (segment of DNA to which a transcription factor binds to regulate gene expression), thereby blocking transcription of that gene.
What is enhancer and silencer?
A cis-regulatory sequence that increases the activity of a gene when bound by transcription factors is called an enhancer, while a sequence that causes a decrease in gene activity is called a silencer.
How does gene expression differ in eukaryotes and prokaryotes?
The main difference between prokaryotic and eukaryotic gene expression is that the entire prokaryotic gene expression occurs in the cytoplasm whereas a part of the eukaryotic gene expression occurs inside the nucleus while rest occurs in the cytoplasm.
What is eukaryotic regulation?
Unlike prokaryotic cells, eukaryotic cells can regulate gene expression at many different levels. Eukaryotic gene expression begins with control of access to the DNA. This form of regulation, called epigenetic regulation, occurs even before transcription is initiated.